Pantnagar Journal of Research

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a branch of science and engineering, which plays a crucial role in numerous areas like medical, agricultural, pharmaceutical sector. Various nanoparticles are considered to be efficient drug delivery carrier. The usage of nanoparticles in vaccine formulation facilitates improved antigen stability, immunogenicity as well as slow release and targeted delivery. Several organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been evaluated for application in nanomedicines for targeted drug delivery as vaccine adjuvant system. Various Polymeric nanoparticles such as Poly Lactic Acid (PLA), Poly Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Chitosan, Gelatin etc. have been studied as drug delivery agent for the treatment of diseases. Among inorganic nanoparticles, Calcium phosphate nanoparticles have been considered as most suitable and safe vaccine adjuvants due to their high biodegradability and biocompatibility. These nanoparticles are cost-effective and have hydrophilic nature, better stability and potential efficacy to produce better immune response in comparison to other nanoparticle adjuvant system.