The experiment was conducted in the Augmented Block Design, comprised of 90 entries, along with 3 check varieties Sonalika, HD 2967 and HI 8713. Results revealed that variance was the highest for grain yield per plot and the lowest for spike length. The coefficient of variability was the highest for grain yield and the lowest for days to 75% heading. The highest heritability was recorded for tillers per meter and the lowest for 1000- grain weight. Grain yield exhibited highest genetic advance in percent of mean and lowest for days to 75% heading. However, with respect to correlation with one or other traits, grain yield was positive and significantly correlated with days to 75% heading, plant height, tillers per meter, grain per spike, spike length and grain yield per plot. Path coefficient revealed that 1000- grain weight exerted positive effect on all characters except days to 75% heading. The genotypes were classified into 7 different clusters by Non- Hierarchical Euclidean Cluster Analysis. Cluster -I had 13 genotypes whereas cluster -II had 20 genotypes, cluster- III had 8 genotypes, cluster -IV had 12 genotypes, cluster -V had 9 genotypes, cluster-VI has 15 genotypes and cluster-VII had 16 genotypes. Inter cluster distance was found maximum between cluster –III and cluster –IV and minimum was found in cluster–I and II.
Twenty-one genotypes of wheat were evaluated for the genetic variability so the genotypes can be categorized based on their variability for hybridization programme. The analysis was carried out in Rabi season 2021-22 at Agricultural field block of Baba Farid Institute of Technology, Dehradun, in randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. The pre-harvest (plant height, spike length, number of tillers, days to 50% maturity and days to maturity) and post harvest (No. of seeds per spike, biological yield, economic yield, harvest index and 1000 seeds weight) parameters recorded on plant morphological traits and grain yield. On analysis of variance for the above studied parameters, it indicated wide variability among the twenty-one genotypes of wheat and shows that through crop improvement methods considerable amount of improvement can be achieved. The GCV and PCV shows highest variability in the following characters harvest index, biological yield per plot, test weight, economic yield per plot number of tillers respectively. These traits in wheat had showed high variance that can be preferred for further improvement. Economic yield per plot the essential yield attributes has positive significant correlation with harvest index and possessed positive non-significant correlation with number of seed per spike, biological yield per plot, test weight while it has negative significant correlation with days to 50% maturity. It has negative non-significant correlation with plant height, number of tillers. This represent that the twenty-one genotypes taken have substantial variation for different traits evaluated and significant association with yield that can be considered in breeding programme for increasing yield.
Pea is one of the most important pulse crops. It is a self-pollinated crop with chromosome number 2n = 2x=14. The primary centre of origin is Mediterranean region. It is used as fresh and processed frozen vegetables in India and abroad. To improve the yield levels in this crop, studies on combining ability and heterosis are a method to select suitable parents based on their general and specific combing ability and heterotic effects for use in further breeding programmes. During the present investigation crosses were made in line x tester mating fashion during 2018-2019 and the data was investigated in 2019-20 at Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, for obtaining 30 crosses. 30 hybrids and their parents (10 lines and 3 testers), were grown. The general combining ability was significant for all characters in line x tester analysis; the genotypes KS-701 and KS-283 showed highest GCA effect among all genotypes along with highest mean performance respectively indicated these genotypes were good general combiners for green pod yield. Such lines can be utilized as suitable parents for hybridization programme. The cross combinations KS-802 x PSM-3 and C-18-1 x AP-3 showed high SCA effect for green pod yield per plant so it can be utilized for heterosis breeding.
The present study was conducted to find out the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality parameters in garden pea (Var. Azad Pea-3) during winter season (2020-21). The treatments were a sole or combination of organic fertilizers (Farmyard manure, vermicompost), biofertilizer (Rhizobium) and inorganic fertilizers (Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). With respect to plant growth, yield, and quality parameters, T4 (100% NPK + seed treatment with Rhizobium) recorded the best result in terms of days taken to first emergence of seed, 50% emergence of seeds, first flower emergence, first pod emergence, number of pods per plant, pod weight (g), pod length (cm), pod width (mm), yield per plot (kg), yield per hectare (t), total soluble solids (̊Brix) and dry matter content (%) followed by T5 (75% NPK + FYM). The present investigation indicated that the application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers along with seed treatment using Rhizobium before sowing was found to be the most effective and promising in enhancing the growth, yield and quality related characters in Azad Pea-3 (AP-3) variety of garden pea under sub-tropical conditions of the Garhwal hills.
In this experiment crosses was made in 2018-2019 using diallel mating design (excluding reciprocal crosses) and the data investigated in 2019-2020 at Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, India. The experimental material comprised 8 diverse genotypes of vegetable pea obtained from Vegetable Science Department of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology. The 28 crosses along with their 8 parents / diverse genotypes were grown in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Results of Correlation study revealed that pod yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with plant height, number of branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, pod length, shelling percentage and pod width. The highest positive and direct effect on pod yield per plant was exerted by intermodal length followed by number of grain per pod and pod length. These are used in breeding programme in future prospects point of view.
